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The Most Iconic Oscilloscopes in Electronics History The 7000 Series was the most iconic family of oscilloscopes in the history of technology. Introduced in 1969 by Tektronix, the sector’s leader at the time, this remarkable line of instruments defined an era and became a benchmark for generations of engineers, researchers, and technicians. Throughout the 1970s and well beyond, 7000-Series oscilloscopes were a constant presence in laboratories, universities, and industrial facilities around the world. Their modular plug-in architecture, exceptional flexibility, and outstanding performance embodied the engineering philosophy that made Tektronix synonymous with accuracy, innovation, and reliability. This book offers an in-depth exploration of the 7000-Series oscilloscopes, combining historical context, technical analysis, and practical insight into their design and restoration. Conceived as a continuation of Tektronix Epic Oscilloscopes, this work expands the subject into two volumes: the first devoted to mainframes and core technologies, the second focused entirely on plug-ins.

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With Examples for Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico and ESP32 Programming small electronic systems has never been more accessible. Tasks that once demanded expensive tools, specialized hardware, and deep electrical engineering expertise can now be tackled with low-cost development boards and approachable software. At the centre of this shift is the Arduino environment, which provides a unified and familiar way to program a wide range of microcontroller platforms—from classic AVR boards like the Arduino UNO to modern ARM-based boards such as the Raspberry Pi Pico, and powerful Wi-Fi-enabled devices like the ESP32. This book introduces embedded programming through the core idea that defines all microcontrollers: reading inputs, processing information, and controlling outputs in a predictable loop. The Arduino environment abstracts much of the hardware complexity, allowing you to focus on behaviour rather than implementation details. With just a few lines of code, you can blink LEDs, read sensors, control motors, and communicate with other devices. While the Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico, and ESP32 boards differ greatly in performance and features, they share the same fundamental building blocks: digital and analog I/O, timers, serial communication, PWM, interrupts, and power management. Learning these concepts within the Arduino framework builds skills that transfer easily across platforms and scale toward more advanced applications. By exploring multiple boards while maintaining a consistent programming approach, this book helps you progress from simple experiments to confidently produce well-structured designs—showing that embedded development can be both practical and enjoyable.

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An Introduction to Circuit Simulation LTspice, developed by Analog Devices, is a powerful, fast, and free SPICE simulator, schematic capture, and waveform viewer with a large database of components supported by SPICE models from all over the world. Drawing a schematic in LTspice is easy and fast. Thanks to its powerful graphing features, you can visualize the voltages and currents in a circuit, and also the power consumption of its components and much more. This book is about learning to design and simulate electronic circuits using LTspice. Among others, the following topics are treated: DC and AC circuits Signal diodes and Zener diodes Transistor circuits including oscillators Thyristor/SCR, diac, and triac circuits Operational amplifier circuits including oscillators The 555 timer IC Filters Voltage regulators Optocouplers Waveform generation Digital logic simulation including the 74HC family SPICE modeling LTspice is a powerful electronic circuit simulation tool with many features and possibilities. Covering them all in detail is not possible in a book of this size. Therefore, this book presents the most common topics like DC and AC circuit analysis, parameter sweeping, transfer functions, oscillators, graphing, etc. Although this book is an introduction to LTspice, it covers most topics of interest to people engaged in electronic circuit simulation. The book is aimed at electronic/electrical engineers, students, teachers, and hobbyists. Many tested simulation examples are given in the book. Readers do not need to have any computer programming skills, but it will help if they are familiar with basic electronic circuit design and operation principles. Readers who want to dive deeper can find many detailed tutorials, articles, videos, design files, and SPICE circuit models on the Internet. All the simulation examples used in the book are available as files at the webpage of this book. Readers can use these example circuits for learning or modify them for their own applications.

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Ce qui se passe en électronique est par définition invisible à l'oeil nu. L'instrument qui permet précisément de rendre visibles les signaux électriques, celui par le truchement duquel les effets de l'électronique se manifestent à nous, c'est l'oscilloscope. Hélas, quand on commence à faire de l'électronique, c'est souvent sans oscilloscope. Et l'on en est réduit à tâtonner, aussi bien physiquement que mentalement. Le jour où l'on goûte à la visualisation des signaux sur un écran, c'est une révélation. Plus personne ne souhaite se priver de cet enchantement. Pas de retour en arrière. En électronique, si l'on veut progresser dans le plaisir et dans la compréhension, il faut un oscillo. Commence alors une période d'interrogation : comment choisir ? Et à peine cette question-là aura-t-elle trouvé sa réponse, il en viendra une ribambelle d'autres que l'on peut résumer en une seule : comment se servir de l'oscilloscope de telle sorte que ce qu'il affiche corresponde bien à la réalité des signaux ? Dans ce livre, Rémy Mallard, répond clairement à ces questions. Il donne aussi de nombreuses informations pour aider son lecteur à élucider lui-même de nouveaux mystères qui ne manqueront pas de surgir. Ceux qui le connaissent déjà comme l'auteur d'un livre sur l'électronique dont le titre est un programme à lui tout seul : L'électronique pour les débutants qui sèchent les cours mais soudent sans se brûler les doigts, ainsi que d'un livre d'initiation à la programmation des microcontrôleurs PIC, savent qu'ils trouveront ici un ouvrage utile, qu'ils rouvriront souvent.

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Tout sur les protocoles et leur mise en œuvre avec Arduino Initialement destiné aux véhicules routiers, le réseau CAN (« Controller Area Network ») et son successeur le réseau CAN FD (« Flexible Data ») ont vu leurs champs d’application s’élargir à de nouveaux domaines. L’industrie propose de nombreux modules microcontrôleurs dotés d’une interface CAN et/ou CAN FD. L’environnement de développement Arduino a démocratisé la programmation de ces modules et il existe des bibliothèques qui implémentent un pilote CAN et/ou un pilote CAN FD. La première partie dresse un rapide historique des réseaux CAN et CAN FD et expose la problématique des lignes de transmission en abordant succinctement leur théorie et présentant des résultats de simulation Spice. La deuxième partie est consacrée au réseau CAN, en détaillant successivement la fonction logique du réseau, les transcepteurs, les contrôleurs, la topologie la plus classique (le bus) et d’autres moins courantes, les répéteurs et les passerelles. Les aspects particuliers du protocole, tels que le bit stuffing, l’arbitrage, les trames d’erreur, la détection des erreurs sont exposés. La discussion de la fiabilité du protocole est illustrée par des exemples mettant en évidence ses faiblesses. La troisième partie présente le protocole CAN FD, ses deux variantes CAN FD ISO et CAN FD non ISO, leurs fiabilités, leurs faiblesses, mises en évidence par des exemples. Différents transcepteurs et contrôleurs CAN FD sont décrits. La quatrième partie est dédiée aux applications : comment utiliser les services d’un pilote, concevoir une messagerie, utiliser un analyseur logique. Deux exemples d’application terminent cette partie. Ce livre s’adresse aux amateurs et aux ingénieurs non spécialistes pour comprendre les possibilités qu’offre un réseau CAN et comment on le met en œuvre. Un enseignant trouvera des informations pour approfondir ses connaissances et pour concevoir des travaux pratiques. Une connaissance des microcontrôleurs, de leur programmation, de l’électronique numérique aidera à la lecture des schémas. La connaissance du langage C++ et du langage de simulation électronique Spice facilitera la compréhension des programmes qui sont décrits dans le livre. Tous les codes source sont disponibles sur le dépôt GitHub de l’auteur. Téléchargements GitHub

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Projects with Thonny-IDE, uPyCraft-IDE, and ESP32 The 'Python' programming language has enjoyed an enormous upswing in recent years. Not least, various single-board systems such as the Raspberry Pi have contributed to its popularity. But Python has also found widespread use in other fields, such as artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML). It is obvious, therefore, to use Python or the 'MicroPython' variant for use in SoCs (Systems on Chip) as well. Powerful controllers such as the ESP32 from Espressif Systems offer excellent performance as well as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth functionality at an affordable price. With these features, the Maker scene has been taken by storm. Compared to other controllers, the ESP32 has a significantly larger flash and SRAM memory, as well as a much higher CPU speed. Due to these characteristics, the chip is not only suitable for classic C applications, but also for programming with MicroPython. This book introduces the application of modern one-chip systems. In addition to the technical background, the focus is on MicroPython itself. After the introduction to the language, the programming skills learned are immediately put into practice. The individual projects are suitable for use in the laboratory as well as for everyday applications. So, in addition to the actual learning effect, the focus is also on the joy of building complete and useful devices. By using laboratory breadboards, circuits of all kinds can be realized with little effort, turning the testing and debugging of the 100% homebrew projects into an instructive pleasure. The various applications, such as weather stations, digital voltmeters, ultrasound range finders, RFID card readers or function generators, make the projects presented ideally suited for practical courses or subject and study work in the natural sciences, or in science and technology classes.

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Practical Low-Cost Methods for Reliable PCB Production This book explains how to carry out reliable SMD assembly using affordable tools and small-scale equipment. It follows the complete workflow step by step, including tool selection, solder paste handling, stencil use, component placement, reflow methods, inspection, and rework. The focus is on bench-level and small-lab production rather than industrial assembly lines. It shows practical methods for building single and double-sided SMD boards with repeatable results. Topics include solder paste and flux, temperature profiles, hot air and hotplate techniques, small reflow ovens, inspection methods, and defect correction. Checklists and example workflows are included to help reduce errors and improve consistency. Key features: Tools and supplies for SMD assembly and rework Solder paste types, storage, and handling Stencils and paste application methods Pick and place workflow and component orientation Temperature profiles and reflow methods Hot air, hotplate, and reflow oven processes Inspection and quality control Common defects such as tombstoning and solder bridges Practical rework and component replacement Bench-level professional workflows and checklists This book is designed as a practical bench reference for anyone who wants to assemble and troubleshoot their own SMD boards with reliable results.

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Funkempfänger-Kompendium (E-book)

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Die chinesische Firma Espressif Systems hat den neuen Mikrocontroller ESP32 entwickelt, das Nachfolgemodell des ESP8266-WiFi-Chips. Zusätzlich zu allen ESP8266-Funktionen stellt der ESP32 nun Bluetooth-Funk, einen größeren SRAM-Datenspeicher, mehr GPIOs, mehr Schnittstellen, einen Touch-Sensor, einen Temperatursensor, höhere CPU-Geschwindigkeit, einen CAN-Bus, ADCs mit höherer Auflösung, DACs und Sicherheitsfunktionen bereit. Der ESP32 ist Arduino-kompatibel. Dieses Buch ist eine Einführung in den ESP32-Prozessor und beschreibt die wichtigsten Hardware- und Software-Features dieses Chips. Das Hauptziel des Buches ist es, dem Leser zu vermitteln, wie man ESP32-Hard- und Software in praktischen Projekten einsetzt, vor allem durch Verwendung des hochmodernen ESP32-Entwicklungsboards. Im Buch sind viele einfache, grundlegende und weitere Projekte mittlerer Schwierigkeit auf Basis des Entwicklungsboards ESP32 DevKitC samt der beliebten Arduino-IDE und der Programmiersprache MicroPython enthalten. Die Projekte sind nach aufsteigender Komplexität organisiert.

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20+ Macintosh Models, from 1984 to Today (History, Engineering, and Restoration) Apple is not like any other company. More than anyone else, it transformed technology into something people could desire, love, and even identify with—much like a luxury brand. Users were not only buying a tool; they were buying a vision, a way of life. At the center of this transformation stands the Macintosh. First introduced in 1984, it was radically different from everything before. With its graphical interface and mouse, it made computing approachable, even friendly. What now feels obvious—clicking on icons, dragging files, pointing instead of typing commands—was revolutionary at the time. The Macintosh not only changed the way people related to technology. The Macintosh forced the entire industry to rethink the way we use computers. This book tells that story through some of the most significant Macintosh models. Each one is presented not only in words but also in images, because these computers are more than technology—they are design icons, symbols of a unique vision. History, technical detail, and photography come together here, aiming to show each Macintosh as it truly deserves to be seen.

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