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Elektor GREEN en GOLD leden kunnen deze uitgave hier downloaden. Nog geen lid? Klik hier om een lidmaatschap af te sluiten. Een stroombron voor het testen van Z-diodesControle van Z-diodes van 1 tot 54 V bij 1 tot 50 mA ESD polsbandtesterEen testapparaat met indicatie voor ‘goed’, ‘grensgeval’ en ‘afgekeurd’ Testapparaat voor de respons op piekbelastingen van voedingenEen generator voor repeterende stapsgewijze belasting voor laboratoriumvoedingen Euclidische sequencer zonder microcontrollerTriggerpatronen en CV-sequenties met eenvoudige CMOS-logica LED-knipperlicht voor heksystemen en meer, inclusief geluidssignaal Printen nodig? De Elektor PCB-service staat voor u klaar Tandenborstel-timerMet een kleine PIC Een contactloos magnetisch combinatieslotMet de AS5600 rotatie-positie sensor Batterijgevoede ruisarme voorversterkervoor dynamische microfoons Het Arduino Nano testLabMeten, sturen en regelen Rhythmische basverlichtingBenadruk het ritme van je muziek Low-cut filterGeen risico op audio-terugkoppeling op uw systeem Nauwkeurige 1 Hz blokgolfgenerator voor breadboardsEen betrouwbare klokpuls op basis van CMOS 555 onderstebovenDutycycles tot nul Van Halfgeleidergids tot Circuit Specials65 jaar innovatie op het gebied van elektronica Elektrische isolatieCAN-interface met digitale isolator en voedingsmodule SpongillatorEen sponsgebaseerde oscillator Echte willekeurige getallengeneratorMet geïntegreerde chi-kwadraattoets 3D-viewer voor HTML-pagina'sEenvoudig en vrijwel zonder code Programmeren met TLScriptEen scripttaal voor metingen, tests en besturing Schakelingsontwerp: tips van experts FeedbackWat is het en waarom is het belangrijk? Eén board, eindeloze ideeën: Arduino UNO QVan retro-gaming tot realtime milieumonitoring Hoe u een donut-antenne repareert Standby-KillerEen echte aan/uit-schakelaar voor uw tv Batterijen testenBatterijen meten met de Arduino Nano Voeding voor audioversterkersEen goede voeding zonder netbrom HF prototype printplatenMaak zelf snel een prototype printplaat Type 3-overspanningsbeveiligingEen type 3-overspanningsbeveiliging voor uw gevoelige apparatuur IoT-kamerthermostaat boardMet een op ESP32-C3/S3 gebaseerde Xiao MCU-module Van star naar slimFlexibele en gedrukte elektronica, tussen visie en industriële realiteit

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Röhrenverstärker haut de gamme (E-book)

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Le LCR-mètre haute précision FNIRSI LC1020E avec testeur ESR est une solution portable et intelligente pour tester les composants électroniques, offrant une précision de base allant jusqu'à 0,3%. Il est idéal pour les ingénieurs, les techniciens et les makers. L'appareil prend en charge les mesures L/Q, C/D et R/D à l'aide de modèles de circuits équivalents en série et en parallèle, et dispose d'un écran couleur TFT de 2,8 pouces. Grâce à ses seuils préréglés et à ses alertes audiovisuelles, il permet une évaluation rapide de la conformité, ce qui le rend parfait pour les tests par lots et le contrôle qualité. Prenant en charge des fréquences de test allant jusqu'à 100 kHz, il est parfaitement adapté à l'analyse haute fréquence des inductances, des condensateurs et des résistances. Caractéristiques Précision de ±0,05% avec une résolution de 4,5 chiffres Identification automatique des composants R/L/C pour des mesures rapides 5 fréquences de test (100 Hz–100 kHz) et 3 niveaux de tension (0,1–0,6 V) Double affichage : L/C/R/Z + X/D/Q/θ/ESR Mode de tri et tension de polarisation pour les tests par lots Double port (3/5 bornes) avec prise en charge Kelvin à 4 fils Maintien et enregistrement des données pour un flux de travail efficace Compact, rechargeable (3000 mAh) – idéal pour une utilisation en laboratoire et sur le terrain Spécifications Généralités Fréquences de test 100 Hz, 120 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz, 100 kHz Précision de base 0,3% Affichage Écran LCD TFT 2,8 pouces Chiffres d'affichage Paramètre principal : 4,5 chiffres Paramètre secondaire : 4,5 chiffres Paramètres de mesure Paramètres principaux : AUTO/R/C/L/Z Paramètres secondaires : X/D/Q/θ/ESR Plage de mesure L : 0-100 H C : 0-100 mF R : 0-10 M Biais interne 0,0 V, 0,5 V Niveau de test 0,1 V, 0,3 V, 0,6 V Fonctions d'étalonnage Étalonnage en circuit ouvert, étalonnage en court-circuit Fonction de comparaison Permet de calculer l'erreur relative entre la valeur de mesure du composant et la valeur nominale, affichée en pourcentage, et fournit des résultats filtrés. Les valeurs nominales et la tolérance peuvent être définies, la plage de tolérance étant réglable de 0,1% à 99,9% Enregistrement des fonctions Vérifie si les données mesurées du composant correspondent à la valeur nominale et à la tolérance définies, en enregistrant le nombre de mesures réussies et échouées Configuration des bornes de test Trois bornes, cinq bornes Impédance de sortie 100 Ω Interface USB-C (port série virtuel) Autres Paramètres de langue, luminosité de l'écran, paramètres audio, mise hors tension automatique, paramètres de calibrage, informations système Batterie Batterie au lithium de 3000 mAh Dimensions 18,5 x 8,5 x 3,5 cm Poids 680 g Capacité (C) Plage : 1mF-100mF 100 Hz : 5% ±5 chiffres 1 kHz : 3% ±5 chiffres 10 kHz : / 100 kHz : / Plage : 1uF-1mF 100 Hz : 1% ±4 chiffres 1 kHz : 0,5% ±5 chiffres 10 kHz : 2% ±5 chiffres 100 kHz : 3% ±4 chiffres Plage : 1nF-1uF 100 Hz : / 1 kHz : 0,3% ±2 chiffres 10 kHz : 0,4% ±2 chiffres 100 kHz : 1% ±4 chiffres Plage : 1pF-1nF 100 Hz : / 1 kHz : 2% ±2 chiffres 10 kHz : 1,5% ±2 chiffres 100 kHz : 2% ±4 chiffres Inductance (L) Plage : 1H-100H 100 Hz : 2% ±5 chiffres 1 kHz : 2% ±5 chiffres 10 kHz : / 100 kHz : / Plage : 1mH-1H 100 Hz : 0,4% ±5 chiffres 1 kHz : 0,3% ±2 chiffres 10 kHz : 0,4% ±3 chiffres 100 kHz : 2,5% ±5 chiffres Plage : 10uH-1mH 100 Hz : 3% ±5 chiffres 1 kHz : 0,5% ±4 chiffres 10 kHz : 0,5% ±3 chiffres 100 kHz : 1,5% ±5 chiffres Plage : 1uH-10uH 100 Hz : / 1 kHz : 2% ±5 chiffres 10 kHz : 2% ±5 chiffres 100 kHz : 4% ±5 chiffres Résistance (R) Plage : 1MΩ-10MΩ 100 Hz : 5% ±4 chiffres 1 kHz : 3% ±3 chiffres 10 kHz : / 100 kHz : / Plage : 1KΩ-1MΩ 100 Hz : 0,4% ±4 chiffres 1 kHz : 0,2% ±2 chiffres 10 kHz : 0,3% ±3 chiffres 100 kHz : 0,6% ±5 chiffres Plage : 1Ω-1KΩ 100 Hz : 1,5% ±4 chiffres 1 kHz : 0,3% ±2 chiffres 10 kHz : 0,3% ±3 chiffres 100 kHz : 0,6% ±5 chiffres Plage : 10mΩ-1Ω 100 Hz : 4% ±4 chiffres 1 kHz : 2% ±5 chiffres 10 kHz : 2% ±5 chiffres 100 kHz : 5% ±5 chiffres Inclus 1x FNIRSI LC1020E LCR-mètre 1x Pince de mesure Kelvin 2x Cordons de mesure (1x noir, 1x rouge) 1x Plaque de court-circuit 1x Câble USB-C 1x Manuel Téléchargements Manual Firmware V1.1

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A Practical Guide to Tube Electronics Vacuum tubes continue to exert a special fascination. Their long-lasting operation, robustness, and characteristic behavior fundamentally distinguish them from modern semiconductor technology. Despite their age, tubes are by no means merely historical components; they are still used today in audio technology, measurement technology, and especially in hobbyist applications. This book is aimed at electronics enthusiasts and hobbyists who want to not only learn about and understand vacuum tubes in theory, but also use them in practice. It conveys the fundamentals of tube technology, explains the different designs and designations, shows typical circuits, and addresses power supplies, measurements, and safety-related aspects. The focus is on practical explanations and realistic examples from the workshop. Numerous tips help you avoid typical mistakes, build circuits, and understand tube devices and their construction. Basic knowledge of electronics is assumed. Vacuum Tubes: A Practical Guide to Tube Electronics offers an accessible and thorough introduction to tube technology – factual, comprehensible, and with a clear focus on practical applications.

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If you have the right tools, designing a microprocessor shouldn’t be complicated. The Verilog hardware description language (HDL) is one such tool. It can enable you to depict, simulate, and synthesize an electronic design, and thus increase your productivity by reducing the overall workload associated with a given project.Monte Dalrymple’s Microprocessor Design Using Verilog HDL is a practical guide to processor design in the real world. It presents the Verilog HDL in a straightforward fashion and serves as a detailed introduction to reducing the computer architecture and as an instruction set to practice. You’re led through the microprocessor design process from start to finish, and essential topics ranging from writing in Verilog to debugging and testing are laid bare.The book details the following, and more: Verilog HDL Review: data types, bit widths/labeling, operations, statements, and design hierarchy Verilog Coding Style: files vs. modules, indentation, and design organization Design Work: instruction set architecture, external bus interface, and machine cycle Microarchitecture: design spreadsheet and essential worksheets (e.g., Operation, Instruction Code, and Next State) Writing in Verilog: choosing encoding, assigning states in a state machine, and files (e.g., defines.v, hierarchy.v, machine.v) Debugging, Verification, and Testing: debugging requirements, verification requirements, testing requirements, and the test bench Post Simulation: enhancements and reduction to practice Monte Dalrymple received a BSEE (with highest honors) and an MSEE from the University of California at Berkeley, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. Monte started his career at Zilog, where he designed a number of successful products, including the Serial Communication Controller (SCC) family and the Universal Serial Controller (USC) family. He was also the architect and lead designer of the Z380 microprocessor. Monte started his own company, Systemyde International Corp., in 1995, and has been doing contract design work ever since. He designed all five generations of Rabbit microprocessors, a Z180 clone that is flying on the Juno mission to Jupiter, and a Z8000 clone that flies in a commercial avionics air data computer. Monte holds 16 patents as well as both amateur and commercial radio licenses. Monte wrote 10 articles for Circuit Cellar magazine between 1996 and 2010. He recently completed a side project to replace the CPU in an HP-41C calculator with a modern FPGA-based version.

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Mastering the I²C Bus takes you on an exploratory journey of the I²C Bus and its applications. Besides the Bus protocol, plenty of attention is given to the practical applications and designing a stable system. The most common I²C compatible chip classes are covered in detail. Two experimentation boards are available that allow for rapid prototype development. These boards are completed by a USB to I²C probe and a software framework to control I²C devices from your computer. All samples programs can be downloaded from the 'Attachments/Downloads' section on this page. Projects built on Board 1: USB to I²C Interface, PCA 9534 Protected Input, PCA 9534 Protected Output, PCA 9553 PWM LED Controller, 24xxx EEPROM Module, LM75 Temperature Sensor, PCA8563 Real-time Clock with Battery Backup, LCD and Keyboard Module, Bus Power Supply. Projects built on Board 2: Protected Input, Protected Output, LM75 Temperature Sensor, PCF8574 I/O Board, SAA1064 LED Display, PCA9544 Bus Expander, MCP40D17 Potentiometer, PCF8591 AD/DA, ADC121 A/D Converter, MCP4725 D/A Converter, 24xxx EEPROM Module.

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Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit! Sie sind noch kein Mitglied? Hier klicken! Digitale Last für HochstromtestsVon der Notwendigkeit zur Innovation GesangsentfernerInstant-Karaoke-Schaltung Audio-Eingangswahlschalter mit VerstärkungseinstellungSchaltet von Mikrofon- auf Line-Eingänge um Ladeschaltung für LIR2032Optimierte Ladung = längere Haltbarkeit Touch-Sensing leicht gemachtEin DIY-Leitfaden für jeden Mikrocontroller Universeller Infrarot-FernschalterEin neues Leben für alte Fernbedienungen Mikrocontroller-gesteuerte MuhdoseBovine Klänge mit einem Mikrocontroller erzeugen USB-Batterieschnittstelle Stromversorgung von Low-Power-Geräten mit PowerbanksEine Stay-Alive-Lösung Kleiner Klasse-A-Audioverstärker mit StromausgangLautsprecher mit Strom statt mit Spannung ansteuern Pseudosymmetrisches ModulHohes Gleichtaktunterdrückungsverhältnis trotz asymmetrischen Audioverbindungen Automatisches Ladegerät für Ni-MH-ZellenFüllen Sie alle Ihre Akkupacks in einem Rutsch auf! Sicherheit durch thyristor-basierte Strombegrenzung Fingerabdruck-Sensor-SchalterEin nützliches Gerät zum Identitätsnachweis 3-A-GleichspannungswandlerBessere Nutzung Ihrer Festspannungsquellen Innovationen aus dem Arduino-Project-HubNeue Projekte aus der Community Fernkontrolle eines BoilersSpannungs- und Stromdetektion für Netzspannungsleitungen Abschwächer für AudiosignaleTeil 1. Einstellbar über Jumper Autobatterie-Ladegerät aufgemotztTeil 1. Wiederverwenden statt wegwerfen! Eine Platine für „The Blue One“Platine für Alps-Motorpotentiometer mit Rückmeldung 50-Hz-Referenz aus 60-Hz-NetzspannungWie man 50-Hz-Elektronik in 60-Hz-Umgebungen verwendet Digitale IsolatorenGalvanische Trennung einfach realisieren Kompakter 12-W-Hi-Fi-MonoverstärkerKlein, aber leistungsstark LM386-Rampengenerator DrehstromgeneratorMit Raspberry Pi Pico Türöffner für musikalisch Begabte Elektor-Klassiker: Surf-SynthesizerMeereswassersporthintergrundgeräuschgenerator (Mwsh3g) Autobatterie-Ladegerät aufgemotztTeil 2. Ladesteuerung analog und digital LampenstromüberwachungMit Raspberry Pi Pico Infrarot-Telegraphie Fnirsi SWM-10Reparatur von Batteriepacks mit tragbarem intelligentem Punktschweißgerät Stereo-Audio-Codec für ESP32 und Co.Keine Angst vor Audio-Messtechnik Die Kunst des LötensLötzinn-Techniken für einwandfreie Verbindungen Abschwächer für AudiosignaleTeil 2. Umschalten per Relais USB-C-PowerStrom aus USB-C-Netzteilen beziehen Drei Schaltungen mit zwei und drei Zähler-ICs4017-ICs im Zusammenspiel Aktive Bauelemente – Die Diode Timer für extrem lange VerzögerungenEinstellen und vergessen! Klinke rein, Klinke rausEine nützlicher Anschluss für Audioschaltungen ESP32 mit nur einer Lithium-Zelle versorgen Hexadoku

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A Practical Guide to Tube Electronics Vacuum tubes continue to exert a special fascination. Their long-lasting operation, robustness, and characteristic behavior fundamentally distinguish them from modern semiconductor technology. Despite their age, tubes are by no means merely historical components; they are still used today in audio technology, measurement technology, and especially in hobbyist applications. This book is aimed at electronics enthusiasts and hobbyists who want to not only learn about and understand vacuum tubes in theory, but also use them in practice. It conveys the fundamentals of tube technology, explains the different designs and designations, shows typical circuits, and addresses power supplies, measurements, and safety-related aspects. The focus is on practical explanations and realistic examples from the workshop. Numerous tips help you avoid typical mistakes, build circuits, and understand tube devices and their construction. Basic knowledge of electronics is assumed. Vacuum Tubes: A Practical Guide to Tube Electronics offers an accessible and thorough introduction to tube technology – factual, comprehensible, and with a clear focus on practical applications.

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Conception matérielle avec FPGA (E-book)

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Learning Embedded Systems with STM32 Nucleo Boards Embedded programming has become more accessible than ever before. Development boards are inexpensive, software tools are easy to install, and the Arduino IDE provides a familiar environment for creating embedded applications. Combined with the STM32 Nucleo family of development boards, it offers an excellent platform for learning how modern microcontrollers interact with the physical world. This book introduces embedded programming using the Arduino environment on STM32 Nucleo boards. You will learn how a microcontroller continuously reads inputs, processes information, and controls outputs in a predictable real-time loop. Through practical examples, you will discover how to control LEDs, read switches and sensors, generate PWM signals, drive motors, and exchange data with other devices, all while becoming familiar with the capabilities of STM32 microcontrollers. Although the STM32 family includes devices with different performance levels, memory sizes, and peripheral sets, they all share the same architectural concepts. Digital and analog I/O, timers, interrupts, PWM, communication interfaces, and low-power operation are fundamental features found throughout the STM32 ecosystem. Understanding these building blocks will enable you to work confidently with a wide range of STM32 devices, from entry-level microcontrollers to more advanced applications. By focusing on practical programming techniques rather than hardware complexity, this book develops skills that remain useful well beyond the examples presented. Whether you are taking your first steps in embedded systems or expanding your experience with STM32 microcontrollers, you will gain a solid understanding of both the Arduino development environment and the principles that underpin embedded software design.

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Practical Projects and Programs With Experimenting with Red Pitaya STEMlab Gen 2, Red Pitaya goes beyond a versatile board. It becomes a powerful laboratory instrument for precision measurement, analysis, and control. From the fundamentals of electronic project development, monitoring, control, and design to testing, this book walks you step-by-step through everything you need to know to harness the full potential of Red Pitaya hardware and software. The book presents real-time, FPGA-based projects that are developed on a PC using the Vivado environment, then transferred to the Red Pitaya for execution and testing. You will learn about enhanced performance, expanded I/O capabilities, improved FPGA features, and advanced connectivity options that open up new frontiers for precision measurement, monitoring, and control in your embedded applications. Inside the book you will discover: A deep dive into Red Pitaya architecture and hardware design Electronic experiments using Red Pitaya for measurement and monitoring Hands-on projects using the Python programming language Practical guidance for FPGA programming using Red Pitaya Red Pitaya FPGA projects using the Verilog HDL under Vivado IDE Practical design of electronic projects including measurement and testing Step-by-step examples that bridge theory and real-world implementation Whether you are designing your own electronic circuits, developing signal analysis tools, or creating real-time control or monitoring systems, this book provides you the knowledge and confidence you need to fully learn and customize the Red Pitaya platform.

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The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller development system encompassing hardware, an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), and a vast number of libraries. It is supported by an enormous community of programmers, electronic engineers, enthusiasts, and academics. The libraries in particular really smooth Arduino programming and reduce programming time. What’s more, the libraries greatly facilitate testing your programs since most come fully tested and working. The Raspberry Pi 4 can be used in many applications such as audio and video media devices. It also works in industrial controllers, robotics, games, and in many domestic and commercial applications. The Raspberry Pi 4 also offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capability which makes it great for remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications. This book is about using both the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Arduino Uno in PID-based automatic control applications. The book starts with basic theory of the control systems and feedback control. Working and tested projects are given for controlling real-life systems using PID controllers. The open-loop step time response, tuning the PID parameters, and the closed-loop time response of the developed systems are discussed together with the block diagrams, circuit diagrams, PID controller algorithms, and the full program listings for both the Raspberry Pi and the Arduino Uno. The projects given in the book aim to teach the theory and applications of PID controllers and can be modified easily as desired for other applications. The projects given for the Raspberry Pi 4 should work with all other models of Raspberry Pi family. The book covers the following topics: Open-loop and closed-loop control systems Analog and digital sensors Transfer functions and continuous-time systems First-order and second-order system time responses Discrete-time digital systems Continuous-time PID controllers Discrete-time PID controllers ON-OFF temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based DC motor control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based water level control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based LED-LDR brightness control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno

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